Erosion mechanism of magnesia carbon brick in slag in LF

In the ladle, the chemical composition of?slag is complex and variable, and the temperature changes frequently, especially in the ladle slag line. Therefore, the magnesia carbon brick with excellent performance is often applied to the slag line. At demostic and abroad, the erosion mechanism of magnesia-carbon bricks in ladle in slag has been deeply studied. The detailed summary is as follows:

(1) Erosion of slag on magnesia carbon bricks:
In the ladle, due to the complex physical and chemical environment of the slag line, the lining of slag is most easily damaged. The chemical erosion of magnesia by the slag mainly through the dissolution of magnesium oxide and the oxidation of carbon in the matrix of magnesia carbon brick. Under the combined effect of the following factors, the damage of magnesia carbon bricks is caused:

1. The effect of alkalinity: the lower the alkalinity of the slag, the more favorable the erosion of the magnesia carbon brick. If the alkalinity of the slag is increased, the activity of SiO2 in the slag is lowered, the oxidation of carbon can be reduced, and the alkali degree increases, the activity of FeO in the slag decreases, which relatively slows the erosion behavior of the slag on the magnesia carbon brick.

2. The influence of MgO: When the composition analysis of the LF slag line was carried out, it was found that the content of MgO in the slag layer was as high as 30%, and the higher the content of MgO in the slag, the slower the erosion of the magnesia carbon brick and the higher the alkalinity. Also, the erosion of the slag on the magnesia carbon bricks is slowed down.

3. The influence of Al2O3: Al2O3 in the slag will reduce the melting point and viscosity of the slag, increase the wettability of the slag and the refractory material, make the slag more easily penetrate from the grain boundary of the magnesia, and remove the magnesite from the magnesia carbon brick matrix.

4. The influence of FeO: Firstly, FeO in the slag is easily oxidized with graphite in magnesia carbon brick at high temperature, and produces bright white iron beads to form a decarburized layer; then the periclase in the magnesia carbon brick is also in the same slag. The FeO reaction produces a low melting point product. During the repeated heating and cooling of the ladle, the thermal expansion coefficient between the formed magnesium iron composite low melting point product and the mafic iron is inconsistent, causing the magnesium oxide on the surface of the refractory material to be broken, thereby causing the dissolution of the brick body. Foreign scholars also believe that the increase of iron content in steel slag is not good for the life of magnesia carbon brick. First, iron FeO accelerates the oxidation of carbon on the surface of magnesia carbon brick, followed by FeO reaction with MgO, which makes the structure of magnesium carbon brick work surface loose. The combination of points will accelerate the erosion of magnesia carbon bricks.
(2) Oxidation of carbon in magnesia carbon bricks:
When the magnesia carbon bricks is in contact with the slag, the carbon will decarburize with the oxide such as FeO in the slag, and the decarburization layer is formed under certain conditions, so that the structure of the working surface of the magnesia carbon brick is loose, which is damaged by the magnesia carbon brick. main reason. The carbon reacts with oxides such as CO2, O2 and SiO2 and is continuously oxidized by the iron oxides in the slag; the loose structure formed by the second decarburization layer generates larger cracks and voids under the action of thermal expansion and slag, so that the slag is easily infiltrated. And forming a low melting point phase with MgO, and at the same time, the surface layer structure of the magnesia carbon brick changes under the action of the mechanical agitation of the molten pool and the violent erosion of the steel slag, and eventually the outer layer is gradually damaged, causing the magnesia carbon brick to be seriously damaged. After the temperature exceeds a certain value, the brick structure will be damaged and then sharply eroded, which is due to the self-consumption of MgO and graphite at high temperature.
(3) Influence of stomata
The erosion of magnesia carbon bricks is more likely to occur due to the presence of micropores inside and on the magnesia carbon brick. During the use of magnesia carbon bricks, the pores play an accelerating role in the formation of the decarburization layer, which in turn makes the erosion of the slag on the refractory polishing of the magnesia carbon bricks more serious. The outside air enters the pores in the magnesia carbon brick for cooling, and the oxygen in the air reacts with the surrounding carbon to produce CO gas and is discharged through the micropores. The continuous occurrence of the two processes causes the porosity and the pore size to gradually increase. The most important factor in the generation of pores is the choice of binder in magnesia carbon bricks. The binder is generally selected from phenolic resins. If a small amount of phenolic resin is added to the magnesia carbon brick, the porosity will not be too high in the cold state of about 3%, but the phenolic resin will decompose to produce water, argon, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and the like after heating. And pores are formed under the flow of these gases, increasing the porosity. Therefore, the magnesia carbon brick is eroded by the slag passing through the pores, so that the oxidation of carbon and the dissolution of MgO are more intense, thereby causing damage to the magnesia carbon brick. Due to the repetitive nature of the gas generation process, the damage of magnesia carbon bricks is increasing.
Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Article Source:Erosion mechanism of magnesia carbon brick in slag in LF
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Refractory design effect for EAF lining performance

Refractory design is one of the most fundamental factor in furnace construction. Its details and proven technology consideration is of paramount importance to come up with an optimum furnace life and to maintain productivity in the life span of the furnace lining.

The failure to produce a technically or operationally durable refractory design lining could give rise to premature deterioration of the refractory lining and furnace shell.

The premature failure of the furnace lining will lead to extensive heat losses, furnace bath shift, change in taphole orientation and alteration of the Pitch Circle Diameter. In this way, the pre-design of refractory lining is very important, we must pay attention to every details, finding out the most suitable refractories for each part.
If you want to learn more about this, please contact us. Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Article Source:Refractory design effect for EAF lining performance
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

How to distinguish the quality of high alumina refractory bricks

Application
High-alumina bricks are commonly used for industrial furnaces such as steel, steel making, hot blast stoves, electric furnace tops, blast furnaces, reverberatory furnaces, rotary kiln linings, etc., which are mainly composed of high alumina bauxite; sillimanite minerals (including Kyanite, red sill, sillimanite, etc.; artificial composition of materials, such as industrial alumina, mullite, fused corundum and so on.)
Characteristics
1.Strong wear resistance
2. Excellent thermal conductivity
3. Great resistance to impact
4. Great slag resistance
Factors affecting quality

Color
When buying high-alumina bricks, the first thing to look at is color. The excellent high-aluminum brick surface is lubricated, the color is yellow and white, the four sides are flat, no break angle, no cracks.
Appearance impurity
In addition, it is to look at the content of impurities on the surface of refractory bricks. In high-aluminum bricks, we often see some black spots on the surface. These are the impurities in the raw materials. In theory, the less impurities, the better, because most of these impurities are the iron oxide is simply reduced to molten iron in the high temperature environment of the kiln, which forms the damage of the refractory brick structure and then affects the service life of the refractory brick.
Weight
To weigh the weight of a single brick, take the T-3 standard brick as an example. The weight of the first grade high aluminum brick is 4.5kg or so. The second-grade high-alumina brick has a single weight of around 4.2kg, and the third-grade high-aluminum brick has a single weight of about 4.0 kg. The equal grade, the equal parameter type can reach this specification and can be regarded as an excellent high-aluminum brick. On the contrary, the quality of this component cannot be achieved.
Article Source:China ladle lining materials development
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Converter Lining Repair with Bricks

In the process of steelmaking in converter, due to the impact of molten iron and scrap on the lining, the scouring of the lining in the smelting of molten steel and slag, and the chemical erosion of the slag to the lining, the converter lining will be damaged to varying degrees during use. The lining is gradually thinned. When the lining is thinned to a certain thickness, the damaged part of the lining must be repaired in time.
In order to improve the converter operation rate, the principle of rapid sintering of magnesium carbide ladle bricks and residual slag of the converter at high temperature is utilized, and the existing furnace technology is boldly innovated and improved, and the bricks are used instead of materials to fix the converter. Fixing with firebricks saves more time and cost when compared to ramming mass.
Brick repair is a kind of furnace protection method with low cost and short sintering period. After the steel is finished, the steel can be repaired by pouring the residual bricks that meet the requirements of the furnace into the converter. By pouring it to the position need being repaired, using the residual heat in the slag after tapping, where the converter is damaged, the slag and the ladle are quickly sintered and formed to achieve the purpose of repairing the lining.
Article Source:Converter Lining Repair with Bricks
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Refractory design concept on reheating furnace

1. The plastic refractories can have high refractoriness and high flexural strength. Its function is to directly contact the flame in the furnace and resist the erosion of the furnace gas. According to the difference of working temperature of various parts inside the furnace body, different grades of plastic can be selected to reduce the construction cost.
2. The thermal insulation coefficient of the lightweight thermal insulation brick is between the plastic and the fiber refractory material, and its working position is also between the two. However, because there are many parts in the furnace body that are in direct contact with the plastic and fiber refractory materials, the calculation of the heat dissipation of the furnace body is based on the refractory material with the smallest thermal conductivity, so its chemical composition and physical properties can be neglected.
3. Because of the large thermal conductivity of plastics, in order to reduce the energy loss of the reheating furnace and improve the resource use efficiency, a fiber refractory material with very low thermal conductivity is designed and used together. Compared to plastics, fiber refractories can be considered as 0, ie insulation materials.
4. According to the particularity of the furnace body and the convenience of construction, fiberboard is used in the furnace wall, and the fiber blanket is used at the top of the furnace. Because of the limited space in the roof, a thin ceramic fiber blanket with a lower thermal conductivity is used.

Article Source: insulation brick
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Steel-making

Steel is made by pig iron produced by blast furnace and DRI sponge iron and scrap as raw material, using different melting methods into steel, which include converter steelmaking method, open hearth furnace, electric arc furnace steelmaking etc. three categories. All the three kinds of steel-making process can meet the general quality requirements of steel users.

In order to meet requirements for higher quality and more varieties of high-grade steel, there has a variety of handling methods for molten steel outside of the furnace (also known as refining), such as blowing argon, vacuum degassing and desulfurization outside of furnace etc. By additional refining processing of molten steel produced from converter, open-hearth furnace and electric arc furnace etc., we can get advanced steel grades.

For some high-quality steel for special purpose and special requirements, if further processing outside of furnace still can not meet requirements, then we will use a special method for steel refining, such as ESR, which is a complicate refining process need secondary refining. After got molten steel from converter, open-hearth furnace or electric arc furnace steel smelting, do casting for forging to make it as electrode, then start secondary refining by heating with remelting slag.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Article Source: refractory raw materials
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Refractory properties

The physical functions of refractory materials include structural function, thermal function, mechanical function, function of use and homework function.
The structural functions of the refractory include porosity, bulk density, water absorption, transthoracic, stomatal pore size distribution, and the like.
The thermal function of the refractory materials includes thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, specific heat, heat capacity, temperature coefficient, thermal emissivity, and the like.

The mechanical properties of refractory raw materials include compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, torsional strength, shear strength, impact strength, wear resistance, creep, bond strength, modulus of elasticity, and the like.
Refractory use functions include refractoriness, load softening temperature, re-firing line change, thermal shock resistance, slag resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, hydration resistance, CO corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, oxidation resistance wait.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Article Source: refractory raw materials
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Why is the R.U.L of refractory materials a key indicator?

The actual temperature that the refractory product can withstand is slightly higher than the load softening temperature, mainly for two reasons. First, in actual use, the load on the refractory product is generally lower than the load during the measurement; the second is the masonry in metallurgy. The refractory bricks in the furnace are only heated on one side.
Since the temperature experienced in actual use is higher than the load softening temperature, higher requirements are imposed on the refractory products. The softening temperature of the refractory product depends mainly on its chemical mineral composition and microstructure. The crystalline phase forms a network backbone, and the load softening temperature of the material is high. If the structure is dispersed in the liquid phase in an island shape, the load softening temperature is determined by the content of the liquid phase and its viscosity. For example, the more the liquid phase or the smaller the viscosity, the lower the load softening temperature. The interaction of both the crystalline phase and the liquid phase also changes the amount and nature of the liquid phase. The degree of compactness of the product also has a certain influence on the softening temperature of the load. The commonly used magnesium brick phase composition, mainly periclase crystals, is bonded together by the combination, so the load softening temperature of the magnesium brick depends on the nature of the combination. The combination of magnesia bricks is generally a low-melting silicate phase such as calcium forsterite and magnesium rosewood. Due to the melting point phase of the periclase crystal, the viscosity at low temperature is low, and the magnesia brick exhibits a low load softening temperature. This is where the magnesia fire bricks need to be tackled.
Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Article Source:refractory product
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Sliding gate damage theory and meaning of conjunction

Ladle slide gate plate mainly contains two types, alumina carbon and alumina zirconium carbon. With steel production increasing and steel quality improving, calcium treatment process is applied, therefore, calcium content in the melton steel increased. Using alumina carbon and alumina zirconium carbon slide gate plate when casting steel, SiO2 and Al2O3 in the slide gate plate would mixed with [Ca], [CaO] in the melton steel or slag and get into low-melting point materials and feldspar, which would cause damage of slide gate plate. This type low-melting point materials would be easy to crushed down by erosion, new low-melting point material would re-appear. This progress would cause the erosion heavier, in which way the slide gate plate would be damaged gradually.

Conjunction of slide gate plate can reduce the number of turnover ladle, low down ladle serves and turnover pressure. In addition, slide gate plate conjunction can low down labor working, improve ladle lining temperature, thus low down casting temperature and bring a number of benefit for production and reducing cost.
From Year 2008, our factory succeed to develop double conjunction and from Year 2010, triple conjunction is developed. With the triple slide got into the normal production, on-site production, reduce labor intensity, the effect of reducing the cost of generation is very obvious.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.

Article Source:Sliding gate damage theory and meaning of conjunction
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Silica ramming mass lining for tundish

Because of low investment, induction furnace is still very popular in worldwhile. Out of power, financial and other elements limit, many steel plants can not do continues casting. In this way, the tundish can only do sequential for 2 or 3 heats, or even 1 heat. In this condition, many factories are using tundish board, which should be broken down after one casting.
Say for one 2-strands tundish, cost for one set tundish board would be 20-25 USD. One casting service life would be a very big cost, and also bring a heavy labor work. To sort out this problem, many of Chinese small factories choose to use silica ramming mass to do tundish lining. After every casting, they would operate as following:

1. Pure out all melton steel.
2. Blow the tundish nozzle with oxygen lance.
3. Clean slag inside the tundish.
4. Cool down the tundish in normal temperature.
5. Change the sizing nozzle.
6. Preheat the sizing nozzle and start to use the tundish again.

In this way, we should only change the tundish nozzle every casting. For the silica ramming mass lining, it would last at least 10 castings, which would save a big cost from using tundish board.
For further details, please feel free to contact us, we would be your reliable partner.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.

Article Source:Silica ramming mass lining for tundish
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

EAF working layer refractory materials

EAF is widely used for nowever days steel making industries. For this?furnace, the key point effecting service life is working layer. Working layer would touch with melton steel directly, where is of high thermal load, heavy chemical mechanical erosion. So high quality refractory materials should be adapted in working layer.

Regular lining method for EAF working layer is namely sintering, vibrating and brick-construction. For brick-construction method, asphalt binder magnesia brick is widely used. For sintering and vibrating method, magnesia sand with tar as bonding agent are normally used. In nowever days, brick-construction and sintering method are gradually eliminated because of low service life and less applicability. For high power EAF, dry magnesia vibration mix is widely used. After powerful ramming and the density requirement, the mix can be sintered into overall under certain temperature, and a good service life can appear. In regular condition, service life of vibration mix can reach 300 heats. After one time hot-repairing, the service life can be as long as 500-600 heats. With this method, furnace stopping time would decrease, and steel unit cost would also low down by a large degree, then the steel plant profit would increase a lot.

Article Source:dry magnesia vibration mix
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Functions of mono-block stopper

Mono-block stopper is mainly used for the tundish, which performs a switching function. The steel flow is controlled by the position of the head of mono-block stopper to tundish.

Meantime, the argon hole can be blown through the argon hole of the integral plug to prevent the nozzle from being clogged. There are several advantages by using the mono-block stopper:

1. Safer.
2. Reduce the nozzle blockage accident.
3. After the argon is blown by the stopper rod, the total amount of inclusions in the slab is greatly reduced, and the quality of the slab is improved.
4. As the accident rate decreases, the output of continuous casting machines is relatively increased.

Article Source:Mono-block stopper
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Reasons of ladle slide plate crack

Firstly, when the molten steel flows through the casting hole, the temperature suddenly rises, and radioactive thermal vibration cracks are generated around the casting hole.

Secondly, the cast hole is first subjected to thermal shock and expansion. The change in position is slightly smaller. When the thermal conductivity is small and the temperature gradient is large, a large thermal stress is generated at a certain distance from the casting hole of the sliding plate to cause cracks.
Thirdly, ladle slide plate is a non-homogeneous material, especially a composite ladle slide plate. It is easy to cause cracks due to different expansion coefficients.

At last, mechanical constraints. The slide is heated by the heat, if there is no gap or gap between the two ends of the sliding box and the slide, it will be restricted by the side wall of the sliding box when the board expands. And the sliding plate is a brittle material, and excess crushing strength leads to crack.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.

Article Source: ladle slide plate
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

The application of chromite sand

Chromite ore fines has good increasing friction effect in low and high temperature, plays a dual role too. Added to rubber can play a good role of increasing friction, and do not scratch the duality and noise. In the friction material commonly used in chromite fines Cr203, content of 25%-40%, the higher Cr203 content, increasing friction effect is bigger. Use should pay attention to controlling the amount and particle size. Proper dosage should not exceed 7%, particle fineness more than 200 projects. Excessive dosage and coarse grain size can improve the friction coefficient but also will cause friction increases obviously.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.

Article Source:The application of chromite sand
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Introduction of continuous casting technology

Continuous casting technology is characterized by fast casting and focus investment, which was developing in a very fast speed from 1970s. At the first beginning, continuous casting only took 5.6% all over the world, while the data reached to 64.4% in the end of 21st century. And in some of the developed countries, it was even above 96%. In recent years, many steel plants adapted continuous casting technology instead of mould casting.

To compare with the traditional mould casting, continuous casting can improve metal recycle rate and low down power consumption. It can also make the melting work simple and short the melting time, in which way the production efficiency can improve in a large degree. Tundish is a middle progress of steel making, and it is the kep point which can decide continues casting or not. Furthermore, tundish would have a big effect on melten steel quantity and quality. Its functions are as following:

A.Diversion. For multi-strand continuous casting machine, the melten steel would be divided from tundish.

B.Continues casting. When multi-furnace continuous casting, tundish can be a holder when changing ladle.

C.Lowing down the presure.

D.Protecting melten steel quality. Through using covering agent, long nozzle and other protecting device, tundish can help to protect the melten steel quality.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.
Article Source:Introduction of continuous casting technology
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Come to know the advantage and disadvantage of graphite electrode

Ultra-high power graphite electrode:
Graphite electrodes is mainly made of petroleum coke and needle coke as refractory raw materials, and coal tar pitch as a binder, which is prepared by calcining, compounding, kneading, pressing, calcining, graphitizing and machining and is released in an electric arc furnace Electrical energy on the charge heating and melting of the conductor.

Ultra-high-power graphite electrode are graphite electrodes that allow current densities greater than 25 A / cm2 and are mainly used in ultra-high-power steelmaking electric arc furnaces.

HP Graphite electrode advantages:
(1) Processing speed is faster: Under normal circumstances, graphite machining speed can be 2 to 5 times faster than copper; and discharge processing speed is 2 to 3 times faster than copper;
(2) The material is more difficult to deform: obvious advantages in the thin-walled electrode processing.
(3) lighter weight: the density of graphite is only 1/5 of copper, large electrode for electrical discharge machining, can effectively reduce the machine tool (EDM) burden; more suitable for large mold applications.

According to the use of different power and current, using different refractory raw materials and production technology, can be divided into ordinary power graphite electrodes, high power graphite electrodes, ultra-high power graphite electrodes. Graphite electrode has good electrical properties and chemical stability, high mechanical strength at high temperature, low impurity content, good vibration resistance, is a good conductor of heat and electricity.

Graphite electrodes are widely used in steel-making electric arc furnaces, refining furnaces, ferroalloy production, industrial silicon, yellow phosphorus, corundum and other submerged arc furnaces and other arc furnaces that produce high temperatures.

HP Graphite electrode has good electrical properties and chemical stability, high mechanical strength at high temperatures, less impurities, good vibration resistance. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.

Article Source: HP Graphite Electrode
Company name: Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

Construction procedures for refractory brick masonry

(1) Construction procedure of dynamic furnace

1. Dynamic furnace kiln masonry must be carried out after the single-machine no-load test operation of the kiln is qualified.

2. The basic procedures for masonry are:
The starting point should be selected from the hot end to the cold end or from the low end to the high end. The working point should be cleaned and lined to select fire bricks. According to the hot and cold section, different materials of refractory fire bricks should be used. If the qualified bricks are used, there are anchor bolts or bricks. The board, that is, the welding of the anchor nail or the brick board, if there is a heat insulation layer (such as calcium silicate board, etc.), it is necessary to first prepare and install the heat insulation layer, and the mortar mud should match the refractory brick to build the brick expansion gap. Reserved and filled.

(2) Construction procedures for static kiln

The starting point is selected (generally from bottom to top, from the hot end to the cold end). The line is drawn (usually based on the lowest end of the tuyere or inspection port). Fire bricks are selected according to different parts of the equipment. According to the drawings, if the anchoring nails and the supporting bricks are welded, if there is a thermal insulation layer, the installation of the insulating layer should be prepared and used. The material of the mortar should be matched with the refractory bricks to build the arch and lock the bricks , remove the reserve and filling of the expansion joint of the arch tire.

Changxing refractory provides refractory products, calcium silicate products, castable & mortar, china refractory brick, ceramic fiber felt, ladle & tundish nozzle, ceramic fiber with high quality for you. Such as high alumina refractory bricks, magnesia carbon brick, clay refractory bricks and other refractory products.

Article Source: Construction procedures for refractory brick masonry
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/

The importance of refractory design

Refractory design remains the most fundamental factor in furnace construction. Refractory design details and proven technology consideration is of paramount importance to come up with an optimum furnace life and to maintain productivity in the life span of the furnace lining.

The failure to produce a technically or operationally durable refractory design lining could give rise to premature deterioration of the refractory lining and furnace shell.

The premature failure of the furnace lining will lead to extensive heat losses, furnace bath shift, change in taphole orientation and alteration of the Pitch Circle Diameter. In this way, the pre-design of refractory lining is very important, we must pay attention to every details, finding out the most suitable refractories for each part.

Article Source:The importance of refractory design
Company name:Henan Xinmi Changxing Refractory Materials Co.,Ltd
Email: sales1@chinafirebrick.com
Website:http://www.chinafirebrick.com/