At present, China's refractory materials, annual output of waste reached 7 million tons, the amount is very large. The existence of these waste materials not only occupies the land, but also causes serious pollution to the environment, which is not conducive to the realization of the current concept of energy conservation and environmental protection. In recent years, with the development of enterprises, most companies have begun to recycle waste resistant materials. In metallurgical auxiliary materials branch of pangang group, for example, by using waste material recycling, resistant to the abandoned refractory material made of various materials, such as magnesite brick masonry wall with the furnace, the taphole with skateboard, masonry in blast furnace cover with high alumina brick, etc., used in pangang's factory production, greatly reduce the production cost of enterprises.
I. The existing problems in the reuse of waste refractory materials in China
1. Lack of awareness
At present, some enterprises use simple workshop production and products are relatively simple. The development of the enterprise has had an impact. They only pay attention to the purchase of raw materials, but pay little attention to discarded durable materials. There are some misunderstandings.
2. Lack of relevant research and technology
In China's current development, due to the relatively late start of the utilization of abandoned refractory materials, although some enterprises such as panzhihua steel and baosteel have made some progress in the relevant utilization in recent years, there are still some deficiencies in the depth and breadth of studies, and the overall utilization rate is still low.
3. Lack of reasonable classification
In some enterprises, all kinds of waste refractory materials are stacked together. However, due to the different degree and nature of some output burns, this will affect the processing efficiency in the later stage, and also make the utilization rate of the waste refractory materials not meet the high requirements.
Ii. The recovery method of waste refractory materials
1.Direct use
In the abandoned refractory materials, it is called direct utilization method that is not processed but directly used after removal. For the permanent layer and some places that are not very important, even after the liquid metal container is used up, the damage caused is relatively small, and even some resistant materials do not have obvious changes. So these materials can be directly used to the place with low safety requirements or not the main location. This method can be implemented relatively few varieties of waste materials, but can achieve the purpose of making the best use of everything, as far as possible to reduce the problem of waste.?
2.Primary use
After simple selection and grinding, the waste refractory is made into different granules for use, which is called the primary use method. It can not only solve environmental protection problem, but reduce the occurrence of environmental pollution problem.
3.Intermediate use
Based on the primary use method, the abandoned refractory is further processed by physical and chemical processing, so that the level of the refractory is closer to that of the original material. For example, after the waste skateboard is processed and used as the raw material of the skateboard, the skateboard produced is the same as the new one.
4.Advanced usage
Based on the synthesis principle of the new material, after the grinding process, the following advanced use methods can be used:
(1)after some materials are added, new materials are synthesized by means of high-temperature physical and chemical principles;
(2)as a raw material, pure substances are extracted, such as metallic chromium produced by the purification and reaction of high-chromium brick, which may produce great value;
(3)process them into micro powder or nanometer powder.
The first two methods are more common in current use.
Iii. Classification and utilization of waste refractory materials
1.Waste magnesia carbon brick
After the waste magnesia carbon brick is recycled, it can be directly used and added into the mixture of magnesia carbon brick such as ladle slag line free surface, with the proportion of 30%-50%. All the properties of the waste magnesia carbon bricks recovered before and after utilization are better than the standard indexes. Therefore, it is feasible to recycle magnesia - carbon brick.
2.Waste aluminum magnesium carbon brick
In the production process of aluminum-magnesia-carbon brick with the same material, the waste aluminum-magnesia-carbon brick can be properly added, and the aluminum-magnesia-carbon brick can be broken into fine powder to produce the refractory mud with the same material, so that it can be used in the construction of aluminum-magnesia-carbon brick.
3.Waste magnesia brick and magnesia chrome brick
After the slag-gully castable and waste magnesite brick are crushed, the appropriate amount of addition of magnesite chrome brick raw material and magnesite brick raw material can also be appropriately added in the raw material of magnesite slag-retaining weir plate, and refractory mud can be produced after processing.?
4.Waste high-alumina brick
Waste high alumina bricks can be processed into fine powder to produce refractory mortar. For the granular part, can be used in plastic refractory with different temperature. For example, the castable used in the ladle cover and the plastic refractory used in various repairs.
Iv. Prospect of resource recovery of discarded refractory materials
At present, there are two main ways for the comprehensive utilization of the abandoned refractory materials: machine degraded use, repair use and the pure granule mixing type utilization. Through the research and analysis of the homogenization technology, separation technology and purification technology, part or all of the recycled materials are transformed to replace the genuine particles, so as to improve the comprehensive utilization rate and increase the added value of the products to the maximum extent. At the same time, it is necessary to further study the recycling of high-grade waste refractory materials, so as to make the application of waste refractory materials more extensive.
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Article Source:Problems existing in waste refractory materials and classified reuse
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